Electronic Spreadsheet
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What do you mean by Open Office? Explain. | Open Office is a powerful program within the spreadsheet environment. It assists us in working with and storing data. Through Open Office, you can perform powerful calculations, create charts, and generate reports. The program includes 65536 rows and 1024 columns. |
| What is the difference between Workbooks and Worksheets? | A Workbooks is a multi-page document. A Worksheet is one page within that document. Many worksheets combined together form a workbooks. A worksheet is constructed using rows and columns. |
| What do you mean by Range? | A range is a group of consecutive cells. |
| What do you mean by Data Consolidation? | Data consolidation allows you to gather together data from separate worksheets into a master worksheet. The function also allows an analyst to combine information from multiple workbooks into one place. |
| What is Subtotal? | Subtotal is used to create a group where you can perform different types of functions like calculating the sum, average, or count. |
| What do you mean by What If Analysis? Explain. | What If Analysis is a tool that helps us to run reverse calculations, sensitivity analysis, and scenario comparison. |
| What is Scenario? | A scenario is a tool used to test "What If" questions. Each scenario has a personal name and can be edited separately. |
| What is Goal Seek? | Goal Seek is a simple, easy-to-use, time-saving tool. It enables us to calculate a formula's input when we want to work backward from the formula's answer. |
| What is Cell Reference? | Cell referencing in a spreadsheet is the process of referring to a specific cell or range of cells within a worksheet by using a unique identification (e.g., C3). |
| What is Macro? | A Macro is a set of instructions which are stored in a Visual Basic module in a VBA editor. |
DBMS (Database Management System)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the difference between Data and Information? | Data is a raw fact and figure that does not depend on information. Information is data that has been organized and processed. Information relies on data. |
| What do you mean by Database? Explain. | A database is a collection of inter-related data and a set of procedures to access the data. |
| What do you mean by Table? Explain. | A table is a collection of records that can be divided into fields. Each field holds a single piece of information, such as a name or roll number. |
| How can you organize a Table? | Tables are organized using rows and columns. |
| What is the difference between Field and Record? | A Field is a raw fact and figure, while a Record is a collection of fields. |
| What do you mean by Query? | A query is a statement that gives us filtered data according to our condition. |
| What do you mean by Form? | A form is an interface in a user-specified layout that allows users to view and interchange data directly in the table. |
| What do you mean by Database Management System (DBMS)? | DBMS is a computer program that manages a database efficiently and effectively. Examples include Base, MS Access, and SQL. |
| What do you mean by Primary Key? | A primary key is a set of one or more fields that can uniquely identify each record in a table. |
| What is the purpose of Data Base Administrator (DBA)? | A DBA is a person who is responsible for designing, creating, and maintaining the database to satisfy user needs. They control all aspects of the database using DBMS and RDBMS. |
| What do you mean by Data Redundancy? | Data redundancy is the duplication of data in a table or database. |
| What do you mean by Data Inconsistency? | Data inconsistency is defined as multiple mismatching copies of the same data in a table or database. |
| What are the advantages of DBMS? | DBMS reduces data redundancy. It controls data inconsistency. It facilitates the sharing of data. It enforces standards. It ensures data security. (It also includes backup and recovery). |
| What are the disadvantages of DBMS? | The cost of hardware and software is high. There is a high chance of database failure. It can be very complex for many people. |
| What is SQL? | SQL stands for Structured Query Language. It is a language that enables us to create and operate on relational databases, which are sets of related information stored in tables. |
| Explain DDL, DML, and TCC. | DDL (Data Definition Language): Allows performance of tasks related to data definition (e.g., CREATE and DROP). DML (Data Manipulation Language): Allows manipulation in a database (e.g., SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, INSERT). TCL (Transaction Control Language): Allows control of transactions (e.g., COMMIT and ROLLBACK). |
| What is Foreign Key? | A foreign key is a key used to link two tables together. It is a field in one table that refers to the primary key in another table. The table containing the foreign key is called the Child table, and the table containing the Candidate Key is called the Parent table. |
| What is the difference between DBMS and RDBMS? | DBMS stores data as files; RDBMS stores data as tables. DBMS supports a single user; RDBMS supports multiple users. DBMS has no security; RDBMS has multi-level security. Data redundancy is very common in DBMS but quite low in RDBMS. |
| Describe key Database Objects. | Table: Stores data in tabular form. Query: Used for fetching data from the table. Form: Provides the interface where you work. Report: Refers to the printed format. |
Web Application and Security ( Out of syllabus )
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define a Computer Network. | A computer network is an interconnected collection of autonomous computers and devices to exchange information or share resources. |
| What are different Network Architectures (Peer-to-Peer and Client-Server)? | Peer-to-Peer (P2P): All computers have an equal status. Each computer can act as both a server and a client. Client-Server: Specific computers called servers share data, software, and hardware resources (like printers or modems). Other computers called clients request services from the server. |
| Explain different type of Computer Networks (LAN, WAN, MAN). | LAN (Local Area Network): Used for very small areas (e.g., a computer lab). Uses twisted pair cable. WAN (Wide Area Network): Used for large areas, like countries or world-wide networks (e.g., mobile phone network). Uses optical fiber or satellite. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): Used for network coverage within a small city. |
| What is Internet? | Internet stands for interconnected networks. |
| What is WWW? | WWW stands for World Wide Web. It is the network of websites and web pages that helps display web pages and websites. |
| What is Web Browser? | A web browser is a software application that is used to display the HTML content of a website. Examples include Chrome, Firefox, and Opera. |
| What are Users of Computer Network? | Users include sharing resources (files), serving as a communication medium, reducing cost, and enabling centralized control and central storage of data. |
| How to access the Internet? | Access requires an ISP (Internet Service Provider) (e.g., BSNL, Airtel) and a Modem (Modulator Demodulator). |
| What is Wi-Fi? | Wi-Fi stands for Wireless Fidelity. It is a wireless networking technology that uses radio waves to provide wireless high-speed network connections over short distances. |
| What is WiMAX? | WiMAX stands for World Wide Interoperability for Microwave Access. It represents the fourth generation of wireless internet and allows users to connect to high-speed wireless internet that can cover very large distances. |
| What is Instant Messaging (IM)? | IM is a form of communication over the Internet in which users can send messages to each other in real time. IM software usually allows text messages, audio chat, and video calling. |
| State any three rules and etiquette to be followed while chatting on the Internet. | The message should be short. Always introduce yourself by name. Always ask if the person has the time to chat. Give people time to respond. |
| What is a Blog? | A blog is a website where you can share information related to a specific topic. |
| Explain Features of Blog. | A blog acts like a personal diary and is simple to use. You can share information about events, announcements, news, and reviews. |
| What is the difference between Web Page and Website? | A web page is a document that supports hypertext. A website is a collection of interconnected web pages. |
| What is an Online Transaction? | An online transaction is the transaction of money online. Its purpose is online shopping, selling and buying things on the internet, or purchasing a service. |
| How is online shopping useful? | Customers have many choices/options. Customers do not need to move out to visit the store. Customers can place orders anytime, anywhere. Products and services not available in the local market are available online. |
| What is Cyber Safety? | Cyber safety is a branch of computer science that sets rules and regulations to ensure security on the internet. |
| How to remain secure on the internet? | Use strong passwords. Do not share personal information. Keep a backup of your data. Download anti-virus. Do not respond to emails from unknown users. Keep the operating system and software applications up to date. |
| Explain different kinds of Online Thefts. | Phishing involves websites that take your personal information and misuse it, often by copying original websites. Email Spoofing occurs when you respond to emails or open documents from unknown senders, which can lead to hacking. |
| What is an Accident? | An accident is an unpleasant event that happens unexpectedly and causes damage, injury, or death. |
| What are the types of accidents? | Physical Accidents are real-life events (e.g., injury on the road). Non-Physical Accidents occur on the computer/internet (e.g., phishing, hacking, data theft). |
Digital Documentation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a Document? | A document is a paper or a page containing written contents. |
| What is Documentation? | Documentation is the process of preparing a document. |
| What is Word Processor? | A word processor is a computer application that helps us to edit, format, store, retrieve, and print a document. |
| What is FOSS? | FOSS stands for Free and Open Source Software. |
| What is Header? | The header section is located above the margin on the page. |
| What are four items that can be added in the Header Area? | Items include the title, logo, heading, page number, and date. |
| What are Styles? What are the advantages of using Styles? | A Style is a set of formats that you can apply to selected pages, text, frames, and other elements in your document to quickly change their appearance. An advantage is that it makes your paper or document look good/attractive. |
| Name the Styles supported by OpenOffice.org. | Page Style: Used for formatting headers, footers, borders, backgrounds, and margins. Paragraph Style: Used for formatting paragraphs, such as text alignment, line spacing, and borders. Character Styles: Used for formatting individual characters or text elements, such as font size, bold, or italic formatting. Frame Style: Used to format graphics and text frames, including wrapping type, borders, background, and columns. Numbering Style: Used for listings through number sequences or bullet characters. Cell Style: Used to style cells with better fonts, alignment, borders, background color, number format, and cell protection. Graphic Style: Used for drawing, shadowing, and increasing dimensions. Presentation Style: Used for adjusting font, spacing, alignment, and tabs. |
| How can we create our own Style? | By clicking on "Creating New Style from Selection" or by dragging and dropping. |
| Explain How to Update a Style. | The steps involve opening the Style and Formatting window, selecting the item to be formatted, selecting the style to update, long clicking the arrow next to the style, and finally clicking the selection icon and "Update Style". |
| How can you draw writers in Object? | Writer Drawing Tools are used to draw graphics like rectangles, circles, squares, text, and other pre-defined shapes. |
| Explain any four Graphic Filters. | Smooth: Used to soften images that have high contrast or sharpness. Sharpen: Used to increase the contrast of the image. Posterize: Used to make a picture appear like a painting. |
| Explain Image Cropping. | Cropping means cutting the image from the front, left, right, or top. You achieve this by right-clicking the image, choosing Crop from the pop-up menu, and then adjusting the borders. |
| What is Graphic Mode? | Graphic mode allows you to change a picture's color to grayscale by selecting the image and choosing "Gray Scale" from the graphic mode list. |
| What is Transparency? | Transparency is used to modify the percentage value in the Transparency box to make an image more transparent. This is useful for creating a watermark or when wrapping the image in the background. |
| What are Templates? What are the advantages of using Templates? | A Template is a model that you can use to create other documents. Advantages include the ease of updating styles in more than one document and that it saves your time. |
| Difference between Style and Template. | Style is a set of formats applied to selected elements to change their appearance, helping to keep formatting consistent in the entire document. Template is a model used to create other documents and helps with formatting across multiple documents. |
| Explain different ways of Creating a Template. | Methods include Creating a Template from a Document and Creating a Template using a Wizard. |
Important Keyboard Shortcuts (Digital Documentation)
| Function | Shortcut |
|---|---|
| Cut | Ctrl + X |
| Copy | Ctrl + C |
| Paste | Ctrl + V |
| Select All | Ctrl + A |
| Save | Ctrl + S |
| Ctrl + P | |
| Find | Ctrl + F |
| Replace | Ctrl + H |
| Style and Formatting | F11 |
| Bold | Ctrl + B |
| Italic | Ctrl + I |
| Underline | Ctrl + U |